Don't worry about knowing them all. It takes time and use mostly. I am not so new and am still clueless of 90% of them for the hobby and I was in the Navy so I should be accustomed to figuring them out.
Welcome to Flite Test. This is definitely the place for learning so just keep reading and you will pick up an amazing amount of knowledge here.
If you REALLY want to confuse yourself read a few of the build threads.. Some get very technical and can make your head spin.