Really? I thought this was common knowledge about bolts.
Like how Imperial sizes are given in diameter and threads per inch x length ie. 1/4"-20 x1"
Metric are speced similarly in diameter, (sometimes pitch) and length. Like an M5-.8x10 would be 5mm diameter, .8mm pitch, and 10mm long.
The only confusing part is number sizes in imperial, such as a #6 or #10 screw. The M designator for metric is to differentiate them from the imperial # sizes.