I might not be completely correct on this, but most boat propellers do not have much, if any, of an 'airfoil' on them. They primarily act as a screw twisting thought the water much like a screw twists itself into wood. This works very well as water is much more dense than air. As for airplane propellers, there is definitely an airfoil to each propeller blade, and instead of 'screwing' itself through the air it acts more like a rotary wing providing 'lift' in a forward direction.
I may be possible to affix a screw-type propeller to an airplane, but it would be very inefficient. Propellers are designed for maximum efficiency for the fluid in which they operate.